Worms is the scientific name for parasites-worms. As are the eggs of worms, of interest to many, whether they are guests in our body. They live in the bodies of man, animals and plants. Most of these parasites have long adapted to life in the open air, air, earth and water. Their eggs are in the soil, the water and even "fly" in the air.
A little bit of information about the bot
To date studied more than 300 species of helminthes, 70 of which live on the territory of our country. The world Health Organization took the bot to the criticism of the infections. The number of infections with helminths can vary from 20 to 22 million people.
In helminth worms, which usually is considered to be one of the 3 classes:
- Flat worms (tape) – much of the time, they feed on the blood of the host. The more common bovine and porcine cepni, Echinococcus.
- Worms (nematodes) – have different sizes, different sexes. The most common are roundworms and pinworms.
- Flukes are always bisexual biohelminths, the head has children with his help the worm attach to the organs of the host. These include schistosomiasis and others.
The presence of worms is dangerous for a few key reasons:
- parasites can inflict mechanical damage to the internal organs;
- because of a violation of the metabolism;
- waste products of worms poison the host;
- the presence of worms can cause other diseases.
Worms lay eggs that enter the human body mainly through the diet (food or water), or the non-compliance of hygiene standards.
Description of the appearance and the structure of the most famous worms
| Worms | Appearance | Structure |
| Pinworms | It is a small round worms are white, usually, their size is not more than 1 cm. | In the front part of the body of pinworms is the gallbladder. With your help, helminth attached to the inside of the intestine, causing mechanical damage. The other end of the worm was noted. Hence the name pinworm. |
| Roundworm | A great worm, a length of about 20 cm and a width of 6 mm. the Female is much larger than the male. It is red-white with a curve to the tail. | The body of a roundworm is covered with a strong cuticle, which does not dissolve even juice gastric. At the end of any roundworm has a mouth, around the mouth, the three lips.
Immediately behind the mouth in the body of a roundworm is the esophagus and the intestines, which consists of a tube straight. The parasite only remains to ingest cooked food and to digest it. |
| Whipworm | A small worm. At a length of 5 cm and a width no thicker than a human hair, not more than 0,5 mm. Has a marked end, clings to the mucous membranes. | The front of the helminth (3-5 cm) refined with the thickness of the hair. The back end is thicker than the front. Has the intestines. The female in the latter end of the uterus. |
| Toxocara | In Toxocara reaches up to 10 cm in length. The males are smaller.
|
Toxocara worm white. Its body is elongated, resembles a cylinder prim. The mouth has three lips. |
| The species Trichinella | Applies to round worms of small size. A duration of not more than 5 mm. | The main feature of the structure is a way gastrointestinal tract. |
| Veal had (had) | The worm is very large size. It has a long body in the form of tape. How many meters in a length of beef I had?! He giant size of up to 30 meters! | Scolex (head) has 4 strong suction cups without hooks. The head of the specimen is small. The neck segments are growing, their number is from 1 to 2 thousands of euros. Uterus well developed, filled with a transparent process of the egg. Mature tapeworm segments are separated, he moved with the faeces, or separately out of the intestine. |
| Pork had
(copy) |
Its structure is very similar to the beef I had. But the size of it several times less positive had – not more than 3-5 m. | Pork tapeworm is also called the armed tapeworm. On his head, except for the 4 cups, there are 32 hooks. Tapeworm segments are about 50 thousand eggs. |
| He had broad | Another long worm, its duration can be over 10 m | The body of the worm consists of a small flat head, no more than 5 mm, With the two sides, there is a long flat cut-as children. Them the worm clings to the intestinal wall. |
| Echinococcus | Belongs to the class of worms of tape, helminth small sizes. Its head has hooks and children. | The tapeworm consists of 3-4 segments. "Armed" parasite children and hooks. In the segments of the parasite are located sex organs, and the third eggs. They separate their segments, and that have the ability to move independently. |
| Opisthorchiasis small | Small worm, up to 1 cm In the head has a mouth, silly. | The worm has 2 children, which is fixed on a smooth surface. There are oral and ventral sucker. From the oral sucker is the pharynx, and then to the throat and the intestine. In the posterior end of the parasite is the excretory organ. |
Characteristics of the life cycle of the worms
The duration of the life in worms is different. In some can last a year or two, and other parasites more than 10-15 years! Thus, among helminths has its centenarians. For example, pinworms do not live forever, not more than 6 months. Their fertility is high enough. Due to the fact that the eggs of pinworms are very light, that can be, even in the air we breathe.
The eggs of roundworm and whipworm enter the body through food
Roundworm and whipworm live more than 2 years. The first live to 2 years and the last 3-4 years. But that's not the worst numbers!
But the record between the worms, that cause a huge harm in the human body is the meat of the pig had. Its useful life reaches up to 20-30 years!
Experts, puts various tests and experiments in worms, he concluded that the temperature of the habitat affects the behavior of the helminth. When the temperature of the body of the patient Ascaris spontaneously out of the body. Therefore, at a temperature of 40°C on the activity of the roundworm has increased several times.
Lower the temperature in the environment of the causes for the worms to take action – exit from the body.
A method of disinfection is heat treatment. For example, the fish kills the parasite, it is sufficient to boil it for 30 minutes. The freezing at different temperatures, will accelerate the process of treatment. At a temperature of between -15°C and the freezing period is 30 days. At -35°C is only 10 hours.
How many need degrees to disinfect products? The eggs of ascarids are killed at a temperature of +55°C. Handling toys in the water at the temperature of +70°C will take several seconds.
Eggs of worms
The majority of the parasites lay eggs, but there are also viviparous helminths. These are Trichinella.
As a aspect helminth eggs can be found only through a microscope. What kind of worms "settled" in person, you can determine to examine their eggs. But the larva can be seen with the naked eye.
The female worms remain in the body up to the time of fertilization, and at the time of having children
How many eggs will they lay a female helminth – horrible. Toxocara able to put 250 thousand eggs. By the way, larvae and eggs of worms are much more tenacious of life than the adults. When the female worms die after laying eggs, this is from pinworms.
Parasites of each class in their own live, breed and lay eggs. For example, biohelminth ripen the eggs and larvae of the host (cow, cat, dog). For example, biohelminth pig had. If the human body were the larva then grows a had in the section of the small intestine. In the case of the infection had eggs, the situation is even worse. They migrate throughout the body and can settle in any organ. Have geohelminths eggs and larvae must Mature outside the host in soil. Roundworm eggs develop into larvae in the small intestine. And under good conditions with the flow of blood to eggs (larvae) ascarids migrate to all the organs.
| Worms | Description of the eggs | The number of the masonry | The duration of the maturation |
| Pinworms | The pinworm egg is oval or irregular. The shell is smooth, composed of several layers of color. Of the eggs fertilized are larva. | At a time have pinworms maturing more than 10-15 thousand eggs. | After oviposition by the female, larva in them maturation after 6-8 hours. |
| Roundworm | Egg that is not fertilized, has an oval elongated shape. The outer shell is dense, with small tubers. The interior of the balls filled with yellowish color of the cells. | Highlights daily more than 250 thousand eggs. | After 2-3 weeks, the eggs fertilized to become invasive. |
| Whipworm | The egg of this parasite has the shape of a barrel, the shell of its multi-layered and transparent. Within the eggs, small large. | 3500 immature eggs per day | Requires 2 weeks for the maturation of the larvae. |
| Toxocara | Eggs with thick, finely-lumpy shell. | 200 thousand eggs per day. | A few days Mature larvae in the eggs. They become invasive. |
| The species Trichinella | The size of the larva 0.1 mm. | For 2 months and the female gives birth to more than 2,000 larvae. | The female gives birth to live larvae of Trichinella. |
| Veal had (had) | The egg has the form of an oval of the bubble is gray, has two process. | The cyst contains about 200 thousand eggs. If the body of the cyst was not alone, the number of eggs is enormous. | The finns in the muscles maintain life for 3 years. |
| He had broad | The eggs are of an oval shape, covered with smooth yellow skin. At the top of the egg cover the bottom of the tuber. | Every man in the stools allocates several million eggs. | After 2-3 days, the eggs is formed by the larva. |
Housing worms for a man
Worms can live, not only in the human body and the organisms, domestic Animals, and outside of the host. For example, Giardia in cats-in the upper part of the intestine, and can be found in the river fish (sea bream, IDE).
The eggs of pinworms are parasites that are able to be in the air. Infected with helminths can be, and of the water. She infects the land affected. From water infected that live in the pond fish.
In plants, the worms are too. Only parasitize nematodes. They strike roots and tubers, and the stems and leaves. The infection occurs through the alimentary host swallows the eggs of the worms with food. If the product pour boiling water, the eggs and larvae die.
The life cycle of the worms for example pinworm
In humans pinworm life in various parts of the intestine: the small intestine, cecum and upper part of the colon.
The invasion is an egg with a larva. Infected host by the fecal-oral route. The larva is freed from the shell of the egg in the small intestine, and migrate to places of their location. Then comes a process called molting, after which the larva becomes a Mature individual.
Helminths — multi-celled parasites
After mating, the males die, excreted with the feces. Meanwhile, a woman by means of vesicles attached to the intestinal mucosa, which mature eggs. They are very prolific in your uterus maturing more than 10-15 thousand eggs. During the maturation of the eggs, the female moves towards the anus. The woman was beyond the intestine in the night, when the muscles of the anus relaxed. She is crawling in the folds of the skin of the external genitalia. The muscles of the vagina, the females are relax, and begins the development of the eggs. On the surface of the skin of the host body more favorable general conditions: temperature, humidity, oxygen. How many Mature egg?
After 6-8 hours inside the eggs, outside of man, formed by the larvae, which become invasive.
In addition, the female dies, dries up, forming a ball. From their movements in the folds of the itching. The owner combs the area. In the hands and under the nails appeared eggs of the parasite. Next, there are several ways:
- The patient does not observe the rules of personal hygiene, infected again. Take Breakfast with unwashed hands.
- The patient infected hands touches items for the home, toys, handles, etc., infecting members of their family.
Remember that the owner is not helminth is not able to multiply and develop. The egg or the larva must perform a series: owner-ground/air-host.